Google/Mandiant: LLMjacking intrusions ran up more than $100,000 a day in model charges and up to $1M per victim, with stolen access resold through 'LLM Mixers' like Jet Night
- Validation sweeps: stolen keys were checked with single-token requests (
max_tokens=1) that stay under volume alerts; watch gateway logs for these. - Persistence: backdoor service accounts named like billing-optimization tools, SSH keys injected into instance metadata, "burn and rotate" short-lived service accounts to dodge rate limits, a Manus-based agent backdoor and GPU quota requests across regions.
- AWS: CloudTrail for
bedrock.amazonaws.com:InvokeModel,InvokeModelWithResponseStream,Converse; recon viaListFoundationModels,GetFoundationModelAvailability; unlocks viaPutUseCaseForModelAccess,CreateFoundationModelAgreement; treatDeleteModelInvocationLoggingConfigurationby a non-IaC principal as high severity. - GCP: alert on
ServiceUsage.EnableServicefor aiplatform; enable Data Access logs to seePredictionService.GenerateContent/StreamGenerateContent. - Azure:
Microsoft.CognitiveServices/accounts/deployments/writeand diagnostic-settings changes. - Network IoCs: jet-night[.]com, newapi[.]pro.
Cheapest fixes: deny model-service permissions to identities that don't need them, set hard budgets and per-model quotas, scope API keys to specific models and environments, and patch LiteLLM and other model gateways like any internet-facing app.
Sources: Google Cloud Threat Intelligence: The Rise of LLMJacking (Nov 2) · The Hacker News: Google warns LLMjacking attacks are costing some enterprises up to $1 million