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confirmed (vendor research)

Barracuda: phishing emails now carry two attacks, a lure for the human and hidden prompt injection for the AI assistant that summarizes the inbox

Barracuda Research (Guruprasad Kenja) describes phishing emails with two layers. The visible layer is ordinary phishing, in its sample a password-protected attachment with the password in the body. A hidden layer tells AI email assistants to present the message as legitimate or urgent, and in an invoice example it tells the summarizing model to add a fake priority action: change a supplier's bank details. The four hiding spots it saw most were HTML comments, CSS-invisible text (zero-size or white font), Base64 blocks such as image data strings, and zero-width Unicode characters. Its sample looked internal, with the same From and To mailbox, a public-sector sending domain and a trusted spam score. Barracuda didn't say how many such emails it has seen, and it sells email security. Defenses it lists: strip hidden content before the AI sees it, sandbox what the assistant can do, check outputs before they trigger actions, and require a human for payments and vendor changes. Malwarebytes adds that whether hidden content reaches the model depends on how each tool extracts the email.

Sources: Barracuda Threat Spotlight · Malwarebytes analysis